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Class 8 Maths · Chapter 3 · NCERT (hegp103)

A Story of Numbers: common misconceptions

See the tempting mistake students make in A Story of Numbers, why it feels right at first glance, and a worked visual example that shows the right idea.

The tempting mistake & worked visual

Does an extra digit always make a number larger?

Wrong

IX is larger than X because IX has two symbols.

Why it feels right. In our usual whole-number notation, more digits mean a larger number when there are no leading zeros.

Right

Roman numerals use a different rule. I before X subtracts one.

Worked example

On the number line, IX is before X and XI is after X.
  1. X is ten.
  2. IX is ten minus one, which is nine.
  3. XI is ten plus one, which is eleven.
  4. The position of I changes its effect.

If your child says… (8 concept checks in this chapter)

As you work through A Story of Numbers, listen for these everyday misunderstandings and use the prompt alongside each one.

1. Number Names Obtained by Counting in Twos See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “Three ukasars mean two times two times two.”

Ask together
How many beans do the three pairs contain altogether?
What’s true
Each repeated word adds another pair.
2. The Roman Numerals See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “I always add every Roman symbol.”

Ask together
Does IX place the one before the ten or after it?
What’s true
In IX, I before X signals subtraction.
3. Arithmetic Operations with Roman Numerals See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “Every Roman exchange needs ten copies.”

Ask together
Did both exchanges in these lines need the same number of copies?
What’s true
The exchange size changes between Roman landmarks.
4. The Egyptian Number System See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “Moving an Egyptian symbol changes its value.”

Ask together
Would moving the arch change what its shape means?
What’s true
Its shape determines its value, regardless of position.
5. The Idea of a Base See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “Base five lets me write the digit 5.”

Ask together
What larger group do five five-square strips make?
What’s true
Five groups must exchange for the next size, leaving each digit below five.
6. The Mesopotamian Number System See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “I just add the two groups.”

Ask together
What does the 60s heading make the left wedge worth?
What’s true
The left group counts sixties when the right group counts ones.
7. The Mayan Number System and the Chinese Number System See how to teach this step →

If your child says… “The third Maya place must be four hundred.”

Ask together
Does multiplying twenty by twenty reach the top row's value?
What’s true
These Maya calendar places reach 360 by multiplying twenty by eighteen.

If your child says… “I can leave an empty place out.”

Ask together
After removing the coin, would writing just 1 show the note's value?
What’s true
Leaving out an empty place moves digits to its left into lower places.

Use this chapter three ways