Class 10 questions with answers

15 questions, 4 with pictures · Prime factorisation and the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic · Deciding whether a situation needs the HCF or the LCM · Which digit a power can end with · Finding the HCF and the LCM from prime factorisations · The relation between the HCF, the LCM and the product of the numbers · Proving that the square root of a prime is irrational · Irrationality of sums, differences and multiples involving a surd

15 questions, 3 with pictures · The degree of a polynomial, and what the degree allows · The value of a polynomial at a number, and when that value is zero · Reading the zeroes of a polynomial off its graph · The zeroes and the coefficients of a polynomial · Building a quadratic polynomial from its zeroes · Finding the zeroes of a quadratic polynomial

15 questions, 3 with pictures · The three cases, and the ratio test that tells them apart · Turning a situation into a pair of equations, and solving it · A pair of linear equations, and what a solution is · Reading a pair of linear equations as two lines · Finding an unknown coefficient from the condition · Solving a pair algebraically: substitution and elimination

15 questions · A root of a quadratic equation · Finding the roots by factorising · What makes an equation quadratic · Turning a situation into a quadratic and solving it · Choosing a coefficient to force a given nature · The discriminant and the nature of the roots

15 questions · Locating a term in the list · What makes a list an arithmetic progression · The link between the sum and the terms · The nth term of an AP · The sum of the first n terms · Recovering the first term and the common difference · Three terms in AP and the arithmetic mean

15 questions, 6 with pictures · Proportionality in a fuller figure · Matching the right vertices and sides · The Basic Proportionality Theorem · The converse of the proportionality theorem · Justifying a step in a similarity argument · The similarity criteria · What similarity means · Using similar triangles to find a length

15 questions · The distance formula · Naming a figure from its distances · Reading a point on the plane · The mid-point, and what bisects what · An unknown found from a distance condition · Recovering the ratio · The section formula

15 questions, 1 with pictures · All the ratios from one of them · Recovering the angle from its ratio · The six ratios of an acute angle · The values at 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 90° · The three Pythagorean identities · Proving an identity, and using one under a condition · sin (A + B) is not sin A + sin B

15 questions, 15 with pictures · Setting up the right triangle: the line of sight, the angle and the ratio · The eye above the ground: adding the observer's height, elevation above and depression below · One height, two positions on the same side: the observer or the object moves · Two triangles on a shared base: a part on top of a known height · One height, two positions on opposite sides: widths of roads and rivers

15 questions, 5 with pictures · A circle touching all the sides of a figure: equal tangent segments around a polygon · Where a line meets a circle: secant, tangent, and how many tangents a point admits · The radius at the point of contact: the right angle and the angles that follow from it · Two tangents from an external point: equal lengths, the bisected angle, and the supplementary pair · The right triangle made by a tangent: lengths from Pythagoras, and the chord that touches an inner circle

15 questions, 1 with pictures · The whole circle and its named parts: sector, segment, quadrant, and the fraction of the disc · The area of a sector, from the angle, from the arc, and from the thing that sweeps it · The length of an arc, and the perimeter of a sector that includes the two radii · A segment is a sector less its triangle · The part left over: the major sector, the ring, and a region cut out of a larger shape

15 questions, 10 with pictures · Capacity, the part that is left over, and how many smaller solids a larger one holds · Surface area of a combination: the faces that disappear where two solids are joined · Surface area when a piece is scooped out, and the largest solid that fits inside another · The basic solids the chapter builds with, and the measurement each formula needs · Volume of a combination: unlike areas, volumes simply add

15 questions · The mean of grouped data: the direct, assumed-mean and step-deviation methods · The modal class and the mode of grouped data · Cumulative frequency, and locating the median class · The median formula, and recovering a missing frequency from a stated median · Which average answers the question, and how the three are related

15 questions · What a probability is, the values it can take, and the complement · One card from a deck of fifty-two · One object drawn from a bag or a lot · One throw of a die, or one number chosen from a list · Two coins, two dice, and writing down the whole sample space

15 questions · Observable evidence that a chemical reaction has occurred · Balancing equations by conserving every kind of atom · Writing word, formula and complete chemical equations · Classifying reactions from changes in reactants and products · Combination reactions and exothermic energy release · Decomposition reactions driven by heat, light or electricity · Displacement reactions and relative reactivity · Double displacement, ion exchange and precipitation · Oxidation, reduction and paired redox change · Everyday oxidation: corrosion, rancidity and prevention

15 questions · Indicators and laboratory identification of acids and bases · Using pH to compare acidic and basic solutions · Acids reacting with carbonates and hydrogencarbonates · Reactions of acids and bases with metals · Neutralisation and acidic or basic character of oxides · Ions as the basis of acidic, basic and conducting behaviour · Water, ion formation, dilution and safe handling · Importance of pH in living systems and everyday life · Salt families, parent acids and bases, and salt pH · Industrial and household chemicals obtained from common salt · Water of crystallisation, gypsum and Plaster of Paris

15 questions · Physical properties of metals and non-metals · Metals and non-metals reacting with oxygen · Displacement reactions and the reactivity series · Reactions of metals with water and dilute acids · Electron transfer and formation of ionic compounds · Properties of ionic compounds · Extraction methods chosen from metal reactivity · Occurrence of metals, minerals, ores and enrichment · Electrolytic refining of metals · Corrosion and its prevention

15 questions · Covalent bonding and electron sharing · Tetravalency, catenation and carbon allotropes · Homologous series, functional groups and nomenclature · Hydrocarbon chains, rings and saturation · Properties and reactions of ethanol · Combustion and oxidation of carbon compounds · Addition, hydrogenation and substitution reactions · Ethanoic acid, esterification and acid reactions · Soap molecules, micelles and cleaning action · Soap in hard water and detergents

15 questions · Photosynthesis and autotrophic nutrition · Translocation of food in plants · Human digestion and absorption · Cellular respiration and energy release · Human breathing and gas exchange · Blood components, capillaries and lymph · Heart, vessels and double circulation · Water and mineral transport in plants · Nephron structure and urine formation · Water balance, dialysis and excretion in plants

15 questions · Neurons and transmission of nerve impulses · Adrenaline and rapid hormonal coordination · Central and peripheral nervous coordination · Reflex actions and reflex arcs · Regions of the human brain and their functions · Directional growth responses in plants · Plant hormones and non-directional movements · Endocrine glands and hormone targets · Thyroxine, iodine and feedback regulation · Insulin, growth hormone and sex hormones

15 questions · DNA copying, reproduction and variation · Binary and multiple fission · Budding, fragmentation, regeneration and spores · Vegetative propagation in plants · Female reproductive system, fertilisation and implantation · Flower structure, pollination and fertilisation · Seed and fruit formation and germination · Male reproductive system and sperm production · Puberty and the menstrual cycle · Contraception and reproductive health

15 questions · Accumulation and inheritance of variation · Environmental selection and survival of variants · Dominance, recessiveness, genotype and phenotype · Mendel's monohybrid crosses · Dihybrid crosses and independent inheritance · Genes, alleles and inherited traits · How genes influence trait expression · Chromosome pairs, gametes and restoration at fertilisation · Diverse mechanisms of sex determination · Human XX–XY inheritance and probability

15 questions · Reflection laws and plane-mirror images · Principal rays for spherical mirrors · Spherical-mirror types and geometry · Concave-mirror image formation and uses · Convex-mirror images and field of view · Mirror sign convention, formula and magnification · Refraction laws and rectangular glass slab · Refractive index and optical speed · Spherical lenses, principal rays and images · Lens formula, magnification and power

15 questions · Human-eye structure and retinal image · Accommodation, near point and far point · Hypermetropia and convex-lens correction · Myopia and concave-lens correction · Presbyopia and combined corrections · Dispersion of white light and recombination · Refraction and deviation through a prism · Atmospheric refraction, twinkling and planets · Advance sunrise and delayed sunset · Scattering, the Tyndall effect and sky colours

15 questions · Circuit diagrams, components and conventional direction · Electric current, charge and closed circuits · Potential difference, work and voltage measurement · Ohm's law and V-I graphs · Resistance, dimensions, material and resistivity · Resistors in series · Resistors in parallel · Heating appliances, materials and fuse safety · Heating effect and Joule's law · Electric power, energy and appliance ratings

15 questions · Magnetic fields and field-line representation · Magnetic field around a straight current-carrying conductor · Right-hand thumb rule · Magnetic field of a circular current loop · Solenoids and electromagnets · Fleming's left-hand rule and motor effect · Force on a current-carrying conductor · Electromagnetic induction and Fleming's right-hand rule · Domestic supply, parallel circuits and wire roles · Overloading, short circuits and protection

15 questions · Ecosystems and their biotic and abiotic components · Producers, consumers and decomposers · Biological magnification in food chains · Food chains, arrows and trophic levels · Food webs and ecosystem balance · Energy transfer and the ten percent law · Formation and protective role of stratospheric ozone · Ozone depletion, CFCs and international response · Biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste · Waste segregation and environment-friendly management